ABSTRACT
Sodium-dependent glucose transporter 2 inhibitors(SGLT2i)are a new class of glucose-lowering drugs, can reduce blood sugar by inhibiting the reabsorption of glucose at the proximal tubule and are widely used in clinical treatment of type 2 diabetes.SGLT2i can not only lower blood sugar, but also offer multiple cardiovascular benefits.Several large randomized controlled trials have confirmed the safety and efficacy of SGLT2i for heart failure with preserved ejection fraction(HFpEF). Herein, we present an overview on advances in SGLT2i for HFpEF.
ABSTRACT
Objective To compare the time consumed for the procedure done,satisfaction and safety of the establishment of intraosseous (IO) access and central intravenous line placement (CVL) in critically ill patients using a randomized controlled trial.Methods The patients were randomly divided into the IO access group versus CVL group according to the inclusion criteria.The IO access and CVL were established,respectively for medicine or fluid administration.The success rates at the first attempt,time required for procedure completed,satisfaction and complications were recorded.Results During the study period,24 patients were enrolled,and divided equally and randomly into IO group (n=12) and CVL group (n=12).There were no significant differences in age,gender,BMI between the two groups.The patients with shock and cardiac arrest accounted for 83.3 ％ in IO group and 58.3 ％ in CVL group,respectively.The success rates at the first attempt was 91.7 ％ in IO access group versus 66.7 ％ in CVL group (P=0.158).the time required for procedure done was significantly shorter in IO access group (74.9 ±43.7)s compared with CVL group (944.0 s±491.5 s) (P＜0.01).The satisfaction of operators at the instruments used was 8.0±1.1 for IO access group versus 7.2±0.8 for CVL group (P==0.053).The overall satisfaction of the operators at the entire course of procedure was 3.7 + 0.7 in IO access group versus 3.9±0.3 in CVL group (P=0.377).Complications were not observed during the study period in the two groups.Conclusions The success rate at the first attempt was significantly higher in IO access group compared with CVL grouThe mean time consumed for procedure completed in IO group was much shorter than that in CVL group,and the operation was simple and practicable.During the emergency care of critical patients,if the peripheral intravenous line placement was difficult to establish,and IO access could be a choice of alternative used as a bridging procedure to rapidly establish the vascular access and win the rescue opportunity.
ABSTRACT
Aspirin has demonstrated its efficacy in the prevention of adverse events related to cardiovascular disease, and lots of epidemiological studies suggest that it also can be used to prevent colorectal cancer and to decrease its recurrence after curative resection.The guideline published by USPSTF recently first time affirms the overall health benefit of aspirin in colorectal cancer prevention.Aspirin could prevent the colorectal cancer by the cyclooxygenase-dependent mechanisms and the COX-independent mechanisms.In this review, we will summarize some results of related researches and discuss the possible mechanisms.
ABSTRACT
Background There are patients who underwent emergency coronary angiography (CAG) but did not receive percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). The aim of this study was to analyze these reasons. Methods This is a single-center retrospective study. We recruited 201 consecutive patients who received emergency CAG but did not receive PCI. To investigate the value of the Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events (GRACE) score in predicting PCI possibilities in non-ST segment elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTE-ACS) pa-tients, we recruited 80 consecutive patients who presented with NSTE-ACS and received emergency CAG as well as emergency PCI. Re-sults Among the 201 patients who received emergency CAG but did not receive PCI, 26%patients had final diagnosis other than coronary heart disease. In the patients with significant coronary artery stenosis, 23 patients (11.5%) were recommended to coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), one patient (0.5%) refused PCI; 13 patients (6.5%) with significant thrombus burden were treated with glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor antagonist;74 patients (36.8%) were treated with drug therapy because no severe stenosis (>70%) was present in the crime vessel. Moreover, 80 of the 201 patients were presented with NSTE-ACS (excluding those patients with final diagnosis other than coronary heart disease, excluding those patients planned for CABG treatment), referred as non PCI NSTE-ACS. When comparing their GRACE scores with 80 consecutive patients presented with NSTE-ACS who received emergency CAG as well as emergency PCI (referred as PCI NSTE-ACS), we found that PCI NSTE-ACS patients had significantly higher GRACE scores compared with non PCI NSTE-ACS patients. We then used Receiver Operator Characteristic Curve (ROC) to test whether the GRACE score is good at evaluating the possibilities of PCI in NSTE-ACS patients. The area under the curve was 0.854 ± 0.030 (P<0.001), indicating good predictive value. Furthermore, we analyzed results derived from ROC statistics, and found that a GRACE score of 125.5, as a cut-off, has high sensitivity and specificity in evaluating PCI possibilities in NSTE-ACS patients. Conclusions Our findings indicate that the GRACE score has predictive value in determining whether NSTE-ACS patients would receive PCI.
ABSTRACT
Objective To study the effects of Tripterygium Hypoglaucum Hutch(THH) and its extract(THW-4) on neointimal formation of rabbit carotid arteries after balloon angioplasty.Methods After injury of the common carotid arteries was set up by balloon angioplasty,the rabbits were divided into 3 groups and were given different treatment protocol including gastrogarage of THH(n=9),associated gastrogavage of THH with local administration of THW-4 into the injured arteries(n=9) and 0.25% DMSO saline local administration as the control(n=9).Neointimal fomation was evaluated on days after the procedure by proliferating all nuclear antigen(PCNA) and Evans Blue staining,and quantitative histomorphometric analysis was performed on 28 days.Results The PCNA-positive index in the neointima at day 14 after the procedure was reduced in the THH gastrogavage group and the THH/THW-4 group compared with the control(17.68%?5.27%,6.60%?2.52% vs 40.37%?7.12%,P
ABSTRACT
Objective To evaluate the relationships between serum C-reactive protein(CRP) level and the risk factors of coronary heart disease ( CHD) as well as the severity of coronary lesions. Methods In 50 patients with primary diagnoses as unstable angina that were undergone coronary angiography, the serum CRP levels were measured by using particle enhanced immunonephelometry. The relationships between the serum CRP level and the risk factors of CHD as well as the severity of coronary lesions were assessed. Results Serum CRP level was higher in patients with hypertension (4.87?3.82)mg/ml vs. (1.81 ? 2.17)mg/ml, P = 0.0038
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the predictive value of peripheral leukocyte and its subtypes count on cerebral-cardiovascular events in patients with unstable angina pectoris.Methods From December 2000 to January 2003,141 patients(aged 41-84 years) with unstable angina pectoris referred for coronary angiography were enrolled and their peripheral leukocyte and its subtypes were counted.The major adverse cerebral-cardiovascular events rate of these patients during 46.2?6.6 months of follow-up were assessed.Results A total of 55 cerebral-cardiovascular nonfatal events and 8 deaths were observed.After adjusting the risk factors of diabetes mellitus,smoking,hypertension,hyperlipidemia,prior myocardial infarction,family history,and blood fibrinogen and uric acid level,leukocyte count was positively associated with cerebral-cardiovascular events(adjusted relative risk 1.31,95% CI 1.15 to 1.49).The monocyte count in patients with cerebral-cardiovascular events was higher than that in patients without cardiovascular events(P
ABSTRACT
0 05) Conclusion Intramuscular electroporation of pcD 2/Ang 1 can ameliorate the vessel leakage caused by pcD 2/VEGF and thus may represent a feasible and safe therapeutic strategy for patients with tissue ischemia